Geosynthetics are versatile materials widely used in civil engineering and construction to improve soil and infrastructure performance. They serve critical functions in various applications, enhancing stability, separation, drainage, and more.
Key Applications of Geosynthetics
Geosynthetics are frequently applied in large-scale infrastructure projects where ground stability and drainage are essential. Common areas of use mentioned include:
- Roadways
- Railways
- Airports
- And other construction sites dealing with soil mechanics challenges.
Supporting Pavement Structures (Roads and Runways)
One of the primary roles of geosynthetics in the construction of roads and runways is within the pavement layers. Specifically, they are valuable for:
- Stabilising unbound pavement layers: Geosynthetics help hold granular base and subbase materials in place, improving their load-bearing capacity and preventing movement.
- Separating unbound pavement layers: They act as a barrier between different layers of aggregate or between the aggregate and the underlying soil. This separation prevents the mixing of materials, which maintains the intended properties (like drainage and strength) of each layer over time.
Addressing Underlying Soil Issues
Beyond just the pavement structure, geosynthetics can be used to improve the performance of the subgrade – the natural soil beneath the engineered layers. They can help address problems with weak or problematic soils, improving overall foundation stability for the structure above.
Providing Side Drainage
Geosynthetics are also employed to manage water. They can be integrated into structures to facilitate the removal of water, acting as a path for side drainage. This helps prevent water from accumulating, which can otherwise weaken the structure or cause damage like frost heave.
Summarising Geosynthetic Functions
Based on their applications in areas like roads, railways, and airports, the core functions of geosynthetics include:
| Application Area | Primary Functions in Pavement (Roads/Runways) | Other Key Functions Mentioned |
|---|---|---|
| Roadways | Stabilising unbound layers | Addressing underlying soil |
| Railways | Separating unbound layers | Providing side drainage |
| Airports | ||
| Other Sites |
These functions collectively contribute to the longevity, stability, and performance of civil engineering projects.
