A Gestational Carrier (GC) in pregnancy refers to a woman who carries a pregnancy to term for another person or couple, without being genetically related to the child. She is essentially providing her womb for the implantation of an embryo created via In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) using either the intended parent's egg and sperm or donor egg and/or sperm.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
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Definition: A gestational carrier, sometimes incorrectly referred to as a "surrogate" (although the correct term for a surrogate is a traditional surrogate), is a woman who becomes pregnant through IVF with an embryo created using eggs and sperm that are not her own.
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Genetic Link: The crucial difference between a GC and a traditional surrogate is the genetic connection. A gestational carrier has no genetic link to the baby she is carrying. The intended parents, or egg and/or sperm donors, provide the genetic material.
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How it Works:
- IVF Process: The intended parents or donors undergo IVF to create an embryo.
- Embryo Transfer: The embryo is then transferred to the gestational carrier's uterus.
- Pregnancy and Delivery: The GC carries the pregnancy to term and delivers the baby, who is then given to the intended parents.
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Why Use a Gestational Carrier? Intended parents may choose to use a GC for various reasons, including:
- Medical conditions that make it unsafe or impossible for the intended mother to carry a pregnancy.
- Absence of a uterus.
- Same-sex male couples who wish to have a biological child.
- Repeated failed IVF attempts with the intended mother.
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Legal Considerations: It's extremely important that all parties involved (intended parents and GC) consult with attorneys specializing in reproductive law. The legal framework surrounding gestational carrier agreements varies widely by location, so contracts must be meticulously drafted to protect the rights of everyone involved.
In summary, a Gestational Carrier allows individuals or couples who are unable to carry a pregnancy themselves to have a child who is genetically related to them (or to an egg or sperm donor) by using IVF and the GC's womb.
