The organ primarily affected by gluten is the small intestine.
How Gluten Affects the Small Intestine
When someone with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity consumes gluten, it triggers an immune response. According to provided reference material, gluten in your digestive system triggers your immune system to produce antibodies against it. These antibodies damage the lining of your small intestine (the mucosa). This damage can lead to various health issues as the small intestine is crucial for nutrient absorption.
Here's a breakdown of the process:
- Gluten Consumption: Gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, is ingested.
- Immune Response: In susceptible individuals, the immune system mistakenly identifies gluten as a threat.
- Antibody Production: The immune system produces antibodies to attack gluten.
- Small Intestine Damage: These antibodies target and damage the villi, small finger-like projections lining the small intestine.
- Malabsorption: Damaged villi reduce the surface area available for nutrient absorption, leading to malabsorption of essential vitamins and minerals.
Consequences of Small Intestine Damage
The damage to the small intestine caused by gluten can result in a wide range of symptoms and health complications, including:
- Digestive issues (diarrhea, bloating, abdominal pain)
- Nutrient deficiencies
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Skin rashes
- Anemia
