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What is a Verb of Predication?

Published in Grammar Terminology 3 mins read

A verb of predication, often referred to as a verb of complete predication, is a type of verb that can form a complete predicate in a sentence entirely on its own, without needing additional words, objects, or complements to convey a full and meaningful thought. These verbs inherently contain the action or state necessary to make the sentence grammatically complete and understandable.

Understanding Verbs of Complete Predication

Verbs of predication are distinct because they provide all the necessary information for the predicate. They don't require a direct object to receive the action (like transitive verbs do) or a subject complement to describe or identify the subject (like linking verbs).

Key Characteristics

  • Self-sufficient Meaning: The verb itself expresses a complete action or state.
  • Independent Predicate: It functions as the entire predicate of the sentence without external aid.
  • No Required Complements: It does not necessitate an object, complement, or adverbial phrase to make sense.

Examples in Action

Consider these illustrative sentences where the verb functions as a complete predicate:

  1. "The boy walks." In this sentence, the verb "walks" fully expresses the action. There's no need for an object or other words to understand what the boy is doing. "Walks" is, of itself, the complete predicate.
  2. "The rain falls." Similarly, the verb "falls" conveys a complete action. It doesn't require further explanation to make sense. "Falls" forms the entire predicate of the sentence.

In both instances, the verbs "walks" and "falls" are verbs of complete predication because they can stand alone as the predicate, forming a coherent statement.

Distinguishing from Other Verb Types

Understanding verbs of predication is clearer when contrasted with other verb types that require additional elements to complete their meaning:

Verb Type Predication Completeness Example Sentence
Verb of Predication Complete on its own The birds sing.
Transitive Verb Requires a direct object She reads a book. (Needs "a book")
Linking Verb Requires a subject complement He seems tired. (Needs "tired" to describe)

Unlike verbs of predication, transitive verbs always pass their action to a direct object (e.g., "She eats apples"), and linking verbs connect the subject to a word or phrase that describes or identifies it (e.g., "The flower is beautiful").

Practical Implications

Identifying verbs of predication can simplify sentence analysis and improve writing clarity. Sentences constructed with these verbs are often concise and direct, making them easy to understand. For further exploration of verb types and their functions, you can consult reputable grammar resources such as the Purdue Online Writing Lab.