The pH of gum varies significantly depending on whether it's sugar-based or sugar-free.
Sugar-Based Gum pH
Studies show that the pH of sugar-based gums typically ranges from 2.70 to 3.56. This acidic range can contribute to tooth erosion if the pH drops below the critical level of 5.5. For example, one study measured the pH of Extra Peppermint gum in solution at 6.71, a level considered safe for enamel and dentine.
Sugar-Free Gum pH
In contrast, sugar-free gums generally exhibit a much higher pH, ranging from 6.58 to 7.57. This is closer to neutral (pH 7), making them less likely to cause tooth erosion. The higher pH is due to the absence of sugars which are responsible for producing acids in the mouth.
Factors Affecting Gum pH
Several factors influence the pH of gum, including:
- Type of sweetener: Sugar alcohols like xylitol in sugar-free gum contribute to a higher pH, helping neutralize acidity in the mouth. Xylitol gum is often promoted for its ability to help combat acidity and prevent tooth and gum erosion.
- Other ingredients: The specific recipe and other added ingredients of the gum can impact its overall acidity.
- Saliva: Saliva plays a crucial role in buffering the pH of the mouth, counteracting the effects of acidic substances from gum or other food.
Maintaining Oral pH Balance
Maintaining a healthy oral pH is essential for preventing tooth decay. A pH level below 5.5 allows acids to dissolve tooth enamel. Chewing sugar-free gum can stimulate saliva production, helping neutralize plaque acidity and maintain a healthier oral pH.