PPD, or paraphenylenediamine, is a chemical widely used as a main coloring agent in many permanent and some semi-permanent hair dyes. It's responsible for delivering long-lasting hair color. Darker hair dyes generally contain higher levels of PPD.
Why is PPD used in hair dye?
PPD is effective at depositing pigment into the hair shaft, resulting in long-lasting color. This is why it's a common ingredient in oxidative hair dyes. However, it's important to be aware of its potential side effects.
Risks Associated with PPD
PPD is a known irritant and allergen. Many people experience allergic reactions to PPD, ranging from mild skin irritation to severe inflammation. Reactions may manifest on the scalp, neck, forehead, ears, or eyelids. The severity of the reaction depends on individual sensitivity and the concentration of PPD in the dye.
Symptoms of a PPD allergic reaction can include:
- Irritation and inflammation of the skin
- Itching
- Swelling
- Blisters
- Rash
Avoiding PPD in Hair Dye
If you have concerns about PPD, you can choose PPD-free hair dyes. Many brands now offer alternatives that use different color molecules to achieve similar results without the risks associated with PPD. Always perform a patch test before using any new hair dye product, even those labeled PPD-free, to check for any adverse reactions.
Sources:
- Numerous sources confirm PPD's role as a major coloring agent in hair dye and its potential to cause allergic reactions. These sources include the NHS (https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hair-dye-reactions/), Madison Reed (https://www.madison-reed.com/blog/ppd-and-why-we-dont-use-it), and several other medical and cosmetic websites.
