A tear cell, also known as a dacrocyte, is a type of red blood cell that is shaped like a teardrop. This abnormal shape is caused by various factors, including bone marrow disorders, anemia, and certain types of cancer. Dacrocytes are often observed in peripheral blood smears, and their presence can indicate a range of medical conditions.
- Dacrocytes are poikilocytes, which refers to any red blood cell that has an abnormal shape.
- Increased levels of dacrocytes are known as dacrocytosis, and it can be a sign of underlying medical conditions.
For example, dacrocytes are often seen in patients with:
- Myelofibrosis: A bone marrow disorder characterized by the overgrowth of fibrous tissue in the bone marrow, leading to the production of abnormal red blood cells.
- Thalassemia: A group of inherited blood disorders that affect the production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
- Megaloblastic anemia: A type of anemia caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12 or folate, which are essential for red blood cell production.
The presence of dacrocytes in a blood smear is not always a cause for concern. However, it can be a sign of a serious medical condition. If you are concerned about your health, it is important to consult a healthcare professional.