The primary hormone responsible for activating lipolysis is norepinephrine, a catecholamine. This process involves the breakdown of stored triglycerides in adipose tissue into free fatty acids and glycerol, which can then be used for energy.
While norepinephrine is the main driver, other hormones also influence lipolysis, including:
- Cortisol: This hormone, produced by the adrenal glands, increases the breakdown of proteins and fats, contributing to lipolysis.
- Glucagon: Secreted by the pancreas, glucagon promotes the release of glucose from the liver and increases lipolysis.
- Growth hormone (GH): Although GH is primarily involved in growth and development, it also plays a role in lipolysis.
- Adrenal gland hormones: Other hormones released by the adrenal glands, such as epinephrine, also stimulate lipolysis.
It's important to note that the effects of these hormones on lipolysis can be modulated by other factors, such as:
- Insulin: This hormone, also produced by the pancreas, inhibits lipolysis and promotes fat storage.
- Thyroid hormone: Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism and can influence lipolysis.
- Dietary compounds: Certain dietary components can affect lipolysis.
Ultimately, the balance of these various hormones and other factors determines the overall rate of lipolysis in the body.
