The hormone primarily responsible for pigmentation is melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH). MSH is produced by the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and skin cells. It stimulates the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for hair, eye, and skin color.
Increased levels of MSH can cause hyperpigmentation, a condition where the skin appears darker than usual. This can occur during pregnancy, while using birth control pills, or due to hormonal imbalances.
Other hormones that can influence pigmentation include:
- Estrogen and Progesterone: Elevated levels of these hormones, especially during pregnancy, can contribute to melasma, a common type of hyperpigmentation.
- Thyroid hormones: Thyroid disorders can cause hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation (lighter skin).
While MSH is the primary hormone responsible for pigmentation, other factors like genetics, UV exposure, and inflammation also play a significant role.
