A chest rib, also known simply as a rib, is a curved, flat bone that forms part of the rib cage, protecting the vital organs in the chest.
Anatomy of a Rib
Ribs are essential components of the skeletal structure in the chest (thorax). Here's a breakdown:
- Structure: Ribs are typically long, curved, and flat bones. They have a head, neck, tubercle, and shaft.
- Attachment:
- Dorsal (Back) Attachment: Each rib articulates with the thoracic vertebrae in the spine.
- Ventral (Front) Attachment: Most ribs attach to the sternum (breastbone) via costal cartilage.
- Types of Ribs:
- True Ribs (1-7): These ribs attach directly to the sternum with their own costal cartilage.
- False Ribs (8-10): These ribs attach to the sternum indirectly; their costal cartilage joins the cartilage of the rib above.
- Floating Ribs (11-12): These ribs do not attach to the sternum at all and are only connected to the vertebrae.
Function of the Rib Cage
The rib cage, formed by the ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae, serves several crucial functions:
- Protection: It protects vital organs within the chest, such as the heart and lungs, from injury.
- Support: It provides structural support for the upper body.
- Respiration: The rib cage plays a significant role in breathing. The movement of the ribs, aided by muscles, allows the chest cavity to expand and contract, facilitating the intake and expulsion of air.
Clinical Significance
Rib injuries, such as fractures, are common and can be painful. Conditions like costochondritis (inflammation of the cartilage connecting the ribs to the sternum) can also cause chest pain.
