Crying is a complex physiological and emotional process involving the release of several chemicals and physical changes in the body. It's not just about sadness; crying can be triggered by a wide range of emotions and stimuli.
The Physiological Process
When we cry, our bodies release a cocktail of chemicals, including oxytocin and endorphins (endogenous opioids). These are often referred to as "feel-good" chemicals because they have pain-relieving and mood-boosting effects. Researchers have established that crying releases oxytocin and endogenous opioids, also known as endorphins. These feel-good chemicals help ease both physical and emotional pain. The release of these chemicals can lead to a feeling of calm or numbness after a crying episode. These feel-good chemicals can help ease both physical and emotional pain. Once the endorphins are released, your body may go into somewhat of a numb stage. Beyond chemical release, crying also involves physical changes such as:
- Swelling of the glottis: The opening between the vocal chords swells, leading to a tight or full feeling in the throat. As a result, it causes your glottis—the opening between the vocal chords in your throat—to swell up, making your throat feel full and tight.
- Release of tears: Tears are composed of water, electrolytes, and proteins, lubricating and protecting the eyes. Emotional tears differ slightly in chemical composition from reflex tears (e.g., those produced by onions).
The Emotional Impact
The emotional effects of crying are varied and depend on individual experiences and the context of the crying episode. Crying can:
- Improve mood: The release of oxytocin and endorphins contributes to improved mood and a sense of relief. Crying may help lift people's spirits and make them feel better. As well as relieving pain, oxytocin and endorphins can help improve mood.
- Strengthen relationships: Expressing vulnerability through crying can foster connection and empathy in relationships. Emotional tears make you feel more vulnerable, which could improve your relationships. Crying often connects people, whether it's out of grief, …
- Provide emotional release: Crying can serve as a cathartic experience, allowing for the processing and release of intense emotions.
Types of Crying
It's important to note that there are different types of crying, each serving a slightly different purpose:
- Reflex tears: These are produced in response to irritants like dust or onions.
- Emotional tears: These are triggered by emotional states such as sadness, joy, or anger.
- Basal tears: These are constantly produced to keep the eyes lubricated.
