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What Can I Say Instead of Hispanic?

Published in Identity Terms 4 mins read

Instead of "Hispanic," you can use "Latino," "Latina," "Latinx," or, most accurately, specific national or ancestral identifiers. In the United States, "Hispanic" and variations of "Latino" are frequently used, sometimes interchangeably, to refer to people from or with heritage linked to Spanish-speaking countries.

Choosing the right term often depends on the context, the specific group of people being referred to, and individual preference. Understanding the nuances of each term is key to respectful and accurate communication.

Understanding the Most Common Alternatives

The terms "Hispanic," "Latino," "Latina," and "Latinx" each carry distinct meanings and origins.

Latino/Latina/Latinx/Latine

These terms generally refer to people, cultures, or languages from Latin America. This includes countries in South America, Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean that speak Romance languages (Spanish, Portuguese, French).

  • Latino: Traditionally refers to men or a mixed-gender group.
  • Latina: Refers to women.
  • Latinx: A gender-neutral and inclusive term that aims to move beyond the gendered binary of "Latino" and "Latina." It is gaining traction, especially among younger generations and in academic or activist circles, as a way to include individuals who identify as non-binary or gender non-conforming.
  • Latine: Another emerging gender-neutral alternative to "Latino/a," favored by some for its easier pronunciation in Spanish compared to "Latinx."

Key Considerations for "Latino/Latina/Latinx/Latine":

  • Geographic Scope: Includes Brazil (Portuguese-speaking) and Haiti (French/Creole-speaking), unlike "Hispanic."
  • Excludes Spain: People from Spain are generally not referred to as "Latino/a/x" because Spain is in Europe, not Latin America.
  • Emphasizes American Heritage: Focuses on connections to the Americas.

Specific Nationality or Ancestry

The most precise and often preferred way to refer to individuals is by their specific country of origin or ancestry. This approach respects individual identity and acknowledges the vast diversity within the broader "Hispanic" or "Latino" categories.

Examples:

  • Instead of "Hispanic," say "Mexican" or "Mexican American."
  • Instead of "Latino," say "Colombian" or "Colombian American."
  • Instead of a general term, use "Puerto Rican," "Cuban," "Dominican," "Venezuelan," etc.

Why this is often best:

  • Accuracy: Directly identifies the person's specific heritage.
  • Respect: Shows recognition of distinct cultural identities rather than lumping diverse groups together.
  • Diversity: Highlights the rich tapestry of cultures, histories, and traditions that exist within Latin America and Spanish-speaking communities.

Comparing the Terms: Hispanic vs. Latino/Latinx

Understanding the distinction between "Hispanic" and "Latino/Latinx" is crucial for appropriate usage.

Feature Hispanic Latino/Latina/Latinx
Origin Focus Spanish language and culture Geographic origin in Latin America
Includes Spain, Mexico, Central/South America (Spanish-speaking countries), some Caribbean countries Mexico, Central/South America, some Caribbean countries (including Brazil)
Excludes Brazil (Portuguese-speaking), Haiti (French/Creole-speaking) Spain (Europe)
Primary Criteria Language spoken (Spanish) Geographic region (Latin America)

Practical Advice for Usage

  • Ask for Preference: When in doubt, the best approach is always to ask individuals how they prefer to be identified.
  • Be Specific: If you know a person's country of origin or ancestry, use that specific term (e.g., "Chilean," "Ecuadorian").
  • Use Broad Terms Carefully: If you must use a broader term for a group, consider the context and the group's composition. "Latino/a/x" is often preferred for its broader inclusion of non-Spanish speaking Latin American countries, while "Hispanic" specifically emphasizes Spanish language connection.
  • Recognize Evolution: Language evolves. Terms like "Latinx" and "Latine" are newer and reflect ongoing conversations about identity and inclusion. Stay informed about current usage and preferences.
  • Avoid Stereotypes: Regardless of the term used, always remember that these are broad categories encompassing immense diversity. Avoid making assumptions about individuals based on their ethnic or national background.

By understanding these alternatives and their nuances, you can communicate more effectively and respectfully about individuals and communities from Latin America and Spanish-speaking regions.