In an IEEE citation, "pp." stands for multiple pages. It is used to indicate that the cited information spans across a range of pages within a source.
Understanding Page Notations in IEEE Citations
When citing sources using the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) citation style, precision is paramount. Including page numbers helps readers quickly locate the exact information referenced within a larger work, such as a book, journal article, or conference paper. This practice enhances the credibility and utility of your citations.
Differentiating 'p.' and 'pp.'
The distinction between 'p.' and 'pp.' is straightforward and crucial for accurate referencing.
| Abbreviation | Meaning | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| p. | Single page | Refers to a specific, singular page. |
| pp. | Multiple pages | Refers to a range of pages. |
Practical Examples of Page Numbering
Page numbers are typically included within the square brackets of an in-text citation, following the reference number.
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Single page reference:
- Example: "The new algorithm significantly improves performance [1, p. 45]."
- Explanation: This indicates that the information comes from reference number 1, specifically on page 45.
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Multiple pages reference (using 'pp.'):
- Example: "Detailed findings on sensor calibration are presented [2, pp. 112–115]."
- Explanation: This signifies that the details are found in reference number 2, spanning pages 112 through 115.
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Referencing specific content on multiple pages within a source cited multiple times:
- Example: "Further analysis supports these conclusions [3, pp. 28–30], particularly regarding the network stability [3, p. 32]."
- Explanation: Even if the same source is cited, specific page ranges are used to guide the reader to precise information.
Why Page Numbers Are Crucial
Including page numbers in your IEEE citations provides several benefits:
- Enhanced Readability: Guides readers directly to the relevant content, saving them time and effort.
- Verification: Allows others to easily verify the information you have cited.
- Academic Rigor: Demonstrates thoroughness and attention to detail in your research and writing.
- Avoids Ambiguity: Prevents confusion when a general reference might cover a vast amount of content.
General Structure of an IEEE In-text Citation
In the IEEE style, in-text citations are numerical, enclosed in square brackets, and correspond to a numbered list of sources at the end of the document. When adding page numbers, they follow the reference number, separated by a comma.
For a comprehensive guide on IEEE citation rules, including various source types and their formatting, consult reputable academic resources such as university library guides on IEEE style [1].
[1]: For example, see general guides like the IEEE Citation Style Guide by Purdue OWL or university library resources like this https://guides.library.unlv.edu/c.php?g=764843&p=5473722
