CD8+ cells are a specific type of immune cell known as Cytotoxic T cells. They are identified by the presence of a protein called the CD8 receptor on their cell membrane.
Understanding CD8+ Cells
According to the provided reference, CD8+ cells are synonymous with Cytotoxic T cells. The name "CD8+" directly relates to a marker found on their surface:
- CD8 Receptor: These cells possess a special protein structure called the CD8 receptor on their outer layer. This receptor is crucial for their function, helping them recognize specific target cells. The presence of this receptor is why they are designated as "CD8 positive" or "CD8+."
The "Cytotoxic" Name
The other common name, Cytotoxic T cells, describes their primary function. The term "cytotoxic" is derived from Greek roots:
- "Cyto": Means cell.
- "Toxic": Means poisonous or harmful.
Putting these together, Cytotoxic T cells are "cell-poisonous" or "cell-harmful." This name highlights their role in identifying and eliminating cells that are infected (e.g., by viruses or bacteria) or damaged (e.g., cancer cells). They essentially deliver toxic substances to these target cells, causing them to die.
In summary, CD8+ cells are a type of T lymphocyte within the immune system that are specialized for killing infected or abnormal cells, identified by their CD8 surface receptor.
Key features of CD8+ cells:
- Also known as Cytotoxic T cells.
- Possess the CD8 receptor on their surface.
- Function is to kill target cells ("cytotoxic").
