What Caste is Patel?

Patel is primarily a title associated with the Koli caste in Gujarat, India. While often perceived as a surname, its origins are deeply rooted in a caste identity, particularly among certain communities.

Understanding the Patel Title and Koli Caste

The name "Patel" denotes a village headman or leader and has been adopted as a surname by various communities. However, in the context of Gujarat, it is most notably a title used by members of the Koli caste.

• Origins as a Title: The term "Patel" historically referred to a village chief or headman responsible for collecting taxes and maintaining order. Over time, this functional title transformed into a surname for many who held such positions or whose ancestors did.
• Association with Koli Caste: In Gujarat, the title "Patel" is significantly linked to the Koli caste. The Koli community is a prominent social group in the region, and many members use Patel as their surname, signifying their historical roles or community identity.
• Political Significance: The Koli caste, particularly those using the "Patel" title, holds considerable importance in the politics of Gujarat. This community has been a significant vote bank and has seen members rise to influential political positions. For instance, the Koli Patels of Saurashtra greatly benefited during the rule of the Indian National Congress party.
• Other Backward Class (OBC) Status: The Koli Patels are officially recognized as an Other Backward Class (OBC) caste by the Government of Gujarat. This classification provides them with certain affirmative action benefits in education and employment.

Here's a summary of key aspects related to Patel's caste association:

While the name Patel is widespread and adopted by various communities across India and even globally, its direct association with a specific caste, particularly in Gujarat, points predominantly to the Koli community. For more information, you can refer to resources on the Patel surname.