The root cause of tuberculosis (TB) is infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
TB is a contagious infection that primarily affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spine, and brain. The bacteria spread through the air when a person with active TB disease coughs, speaks, sings, or sneezes. People nearby may breathe in these bacteria and become infected.
Here's a breakdown:
- The Culprit: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the specific bacterium responsible for causing TB.
- How it Spreads: The bacteria are airborne and transmitted from person to person through close contact, usually after prolonged exposure.
- Types of TB: While pulmonary (lung) TB is the most common and contagious form, TB can manifest in other organs.
Therefore, preventing the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is crucial in controlling tuberculosis. This includes early diagnosis and treatment of infected individuals.
