The green bug that smells when killed is commonly known as the green stink bug.
Understanding the Green Stink Bug
The green stink bug, scientifically identified as Chinavia hilaris (formerly Acrosternum hilare), is a well-known insect belonging to the order Hemiptera and family Pentatomidae. It is recognized as one of the most damaging native stink bug species across the United States, impacting various agricultural crops and garden plants.
Quick Facts: Green Stink Bug
| Characteristic | Description |
|---|---|
| Common Name | Green Stink Bug |
| Scientific Name | Chinavia hilaris (formerly Acrosternum hilare) |
| Order | Hemiptera (True Bugs) |
| Family | Pentatomidae (Shield Bugs or Stink Bugs) |
| Distinct Feature | Emits a foul odor as a defensive mechanism, especially when threatened or killed |
| Impact | Significant agricultural pest in the United States |
Why Do They Smell?
The distinctive, unpleasant odor emitted by green stink bugs is a potent defensive mechanism. When threatened, crushed, or killed, these insects release a complex mixture of chemical compounds, primarily aldehydes, from glands located on the underside of their thorax. This strong-smelling fluid is designed to deter predators, such as birds and other insects.
The smell is often described as:
- Pungent and acrid: Resembling cilantro, strong chemicals, or spoiled nuts.
- Persistent: The odor can linger in the air and on surfaces for a considerable time.
- Irritating: While generally harmless to humans, the smell can be quite off-putting and unpleasant.
Habitat, Diet, and Impact
Green stink bugs are widespread across various environments, from gardens to agricultural fields. As polyphagous pests, they feed on a wide range of host plants, piercing plant tissues with their needle-like mouthparts (proboscis) to suck out plant sap. Their feeding causes significant damage to fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants, leading to blemishes, deformities, and reduced crop yields.
Common host plants and crops affected include:
- Fruits: Apples, peaches, berries, tomatoes, soybeans
- Vegetables: Corn, beans, peas, cucumbers, peppers
- Ornamentals: Various trees and shrubs
The damage they inflict can make crops unmarketable or reduce their quality, posing a considerable challenge for farmers and gardeners alike. For more detailed information on their biology and management, you can refer to resources on Biology and Management of the Green Stink Bug.
Managing Stink Bugs
Controlling green stink bugs involves a combination of cultural practices, physical removal, and, if necessary, chemical treatments. Effective management aims to minimize their population and protect plants from damage.
Here are some practical tips for managing stink bugs:
- Hand-Picking: For small infestations, physically remove the bugs and drop them into a bucket of soapy water. This is an effective, non-toxic method.
- Garden Sanitation: Keep your garden free of weeds and debris, as these can provide hiding spots for stink bugs and their eggs.
- Row Covers: Use lightweight row covers to protect vulnerable plants from adult stink bugs during early growth stages.
- Trap Cropping: Plant highly attractive crops (e.g., sunflowers, millet) around the perimeter of your garden to lure stink bugs away from your main crops.
- Natural Predators: Encourage beneficial insects like parasitic wasps and predatory flies, which prey on stink bug eggs and nymphs.
- Insecticides: In cases of severe infestations, targeted application of insecticides may be necessary. Always choose products labeled for stink bug control and follow application instructions carefully to minimize harm to beneficial insects and the environment.
