The cells that make insulin are beta cells.
Beta Cells and Insulin Production
Beta cells are specialized cells located in the pancreas within clusters of cells called islets. Their primary function is to produce and release insulin, a crucial hormone that regulates glucose levels in the blood.
- Location: Pancreas (specifically within islets).
- Function: Produce and release insulin.
- Insulin's Role: Controls blood glucose levels.
Importance of Beta Cells
Beta cells play a vital role in maintaining proper blood sugar levels. When blood glucose levels rise (e.g., after a meal), beta cells release insulin. Insulin then allows glucose to enter cells for energy or storage, thus lowering blood glucose back to normal levels.
What Happens When Beta Cells Are Damaged?
When beta cells are damaged or destroyed, as seen in type 1 diabetes, the body can no longer produce sufficient insulin. This results in elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), which can lead to various health complications.
Table Summarizing Beta Cell Function
| Cell Type | Location | Primary Function | Hormone Produced |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beta Cells | Pancreatic Islets | Produce and release insulin | Insulin |
