Coffee is not haram because Islamic leaders determined that, unlike intoxicating substances, it does not cause drunkenness, dizziness, or inebriation.
Historical Context and Islamic Rulings
Initially, there was some debate about the permissibility of coffee within Islamic scholarship. Some viewed it with suspicion, associating it with gatherings that might involve frivolous or even prohibited activities. However, this view eventually shifted as scholars examined the effects of coffee more closely.
The Decisive Factor: Absence of Intoxication
The key factor in determining the halal status of coffee was the understanding that it did not induce intoxication. Islamic law strictly prohibits the consumption of intoxicating substances, as they are considered detrimental to reason and can lead to harmful behaviors.
- Intoxication is Forbidden: The Quran and Sunnah (the teachings and practices of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him) clearly forbid the consumption of intoxicants.
- Coffee's Stimulant Effect: While coffee contains caffeine, a stimulant, it doesn't impair judgment or lead to a state of inebriation in most people. It simply provides a boost of energy and alertness.
Comparison to Other Beverages
This distinction is crucial when comparing coffee to alcoholic beverages or other substances that demonstrably alter a person's state of mind. The consensus among Islamic scholars is that if a substance doesn't cause intoxication, then its consumption is generally permissible, barring other factors (like excessive consumption to the point of harm).
Modern Islamic Perspective
Today, the vast majority of Islamic scholars consider coffee to be halal. The focus remains on whether or not a substance causes intoxication, and coffee clearly does not meet that criteria for most consumers. The mild stimulating effects of caffeine are generally considered acceptable.
