What Holiday Is Shamash?

The term Shamash is most prominently associated with the Jewish holiday of Chanukah (also commonly spelled Hanukkah).

Understanding the Shamash in Chanukah

During Chanukah, the Shamash serves a crucial and unique role. It is the designated "helper candle" or "servant candle." Unlike the other candles lit each night of the festival, the Shamash is specifically used to kindle them. It stands apart on the Chanukah menorah, known as a hanukkiah, and is often positioned slightly higher or in a distinct spot from the other eight candles.

Here's a breakdown of its significance:

• Its Function: Each evening for eight nights, a new candle is added to the hanukkiah and lit using the Shamash. On the first night, one candle is lit; on the second, two, and so on, until all eight candles are ablaze on the final night. The Shamash is always the first candle lit and the one that lights all others.
• Symbolism: Beyond its practical use, the Shamash carries symbolic weight. It represents the idea of service and selflessness, as it "gives" its light to illuminate the other candles without diminishing itself. This can be interpreted as an encouragement to spread light and goodness in the world.

Chanukah: The Festival of Lights

Chanukah is an eight-day Jewish festival that commemorates the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem. It celebrates the miraculous victory of the Maccabees over a Hellenistic Syrian army and the subsequent miracle of the oil, where a single day's supply of oil burned for eight days.

The lighting of the candles, including the pivotal role of the Shamash, is the central observance of Chanukah, filling homes with light and reminding observers of the historical miracle and spiritual message of the holiday.