Joint clicking, or crepitus, is a common phenomenon with several possible causes. Often, it's harmless, but sometimes it can signal an underlying issue.
Common Causes of Joint Clicking
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Gas Bubbles: The most common reason for joint clicking is the release of gas bubbles within the synovial fluid lubricating your joints. This is often painless and happens when you crack your knuckles. Cleveland Clinic explains that this gas, typically nitrogen, builds up in the joint capsule, and its release creates the popping sound.
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Tendon or Ligament Movement: Tendons and ligaments moving over bony structures can also create clicking sounds. This is often harmless, particularly if there is no accompanying pain or swelling. Hackensack Meridian Health highlights this as a frequent cause.
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Loose Cartilage or Bone Fragments: In some cases, loose cartilage or bone fragments within the joint may click as they move. This is more likely to be associated with pain and warrants a medical evaluation. Spire Healthcare points out this cause, noting the importance of recognizing when pain is involved.
When to Worry About Joint Clicking
While often harmless, joint clicking accompanied by pain, swelling, stiffness, or limited range of motion should be checked by a doctor. This could indicate a more serious problem, such as:
- Arthritis: Arthritis Foundation indicates that joint pain and swelling alongside clicking often signals an underlying arthritis condition.
- Injury: A previous injury or current overuse could be contributing to the clicking. Cleveland Clinic mentions old injuries as a potential factor.
- Other Conditions: Other underlying conditions can contribute to joint clicking.
Understanding Crepitus
The medical term for joint clicking and popping is crepitus. It describes the grating, crackling, or popping sounds that can occur in your joints. As noted in the references, crepitus can result from air in the joint tissues (as described by Aurora Health Care) or from the rubbing of bones. The sounds themselves aren't necessarily indicative of a serious problem, but the associated symptoms are crucial in determining the severity of the condition.
