In English, the term "cheval" primarily refers to a horse (especially in older or compound forms), a support or frame, and most commonly, a type of long, full-length mirror. The plural form of "cheval" is "chevaux."
Primary Meanings of Cheval
The word "cheval" originates from French, meaning "horse." Over time, its usage in English has evolved to include distinct meanings, though some are now less common.
Here’s a breakdown of its meanings:
| Term | Plural | Meaning(s) | Context/Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| cheval | chevaux | A horse | Primarily obsolete; found in compounds (e.g., cheval de frise) |
| cheval | chevaux | A support or frame | Derived from the "horse" meaning, referring to a stand or structure |
| cheval | chevaux | A long, full-length mirror, often freestanding | Most common modern usage, often known as a "cheval glass" |
Detailed Explanation of Meanings
1. A Horse (Obsolete)
Historically, "cheval" was used in English to directly refer to a horse, mirroring its French origin. This usage is now largely obsolete and is almost exclusively found within specific compound words.
- Example:
- Cheval de frise: A defensive barrier historically used in warfare, consisting of a timber or metal beam studded with projecting spikes, primarily designed to impede cavalry or infantry advances.
2. A Support or Frame
Extending from its primary meaning of "a horse," "cheval" can also denote a support or frame. This usage stems from the conceptual idea of a horse as something that bears weight or provides a stand, similar to how a sawhorse supports timber. While less common as a standalone word in modern English, this meaning highlights the structural role of something serving as a base or stand.
3. A Long Mirror
Perhaps the most common contemporary usage of "cheval" in English is to describe a specific type of mirror. This refers to a long, full-length mirror that is typically mounted on a swivel frame, allowing it to be tilted. These mirrors are often freestanding and can be a decorative as well as functional item in a room.
- Example:
- Cheval glass: This term is frequently used to describe such a mirror, emphasizing its freestanding nature and often elaborate frame.
