In the chapter "The Enemy," POW refers to a Prisoner of War, specifically the young American soldier named Tom who is discovered by Dr. Sadao Hoki and his wife, Hana, washed ashore during World War II. The concept of a POW forms the central ethical and moral dilemma of the story, forcing the characters to confront their professional duties and personal humanity against the backdrop of national loyalty and wartime animosity.
Understanding a Prisoner of War (POW)
A Prisoner of War (POW) is an individual, typically a combatant, who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately following an armed conflict. This term has a long history, with its earliest recorded usage dating back to 1610. The treatment and rights of prisoners of war are generally governed by international humanitarian laws, such as the Geneva Conventions, which aim to ensure humane treatment and prevent atrocities during wartime.
For more detailed information, you can refer to the Prisoner of War entry on Wikipedia.
The Significance of POW in 'The Enemy' Chapter
The presence of the American POW is the pivotal conflict in Pearl S. Buck's "The Enemy." Dr. Sadao, a skilled Japanese surgeon, and his wife, Hana, find themselves in an unprecedented predicament when they discover a wounded enemy soldier. His status as a POW immediately creates a profound dilemma:
- Moral vs. Patriotic Duty: As Japanese citizens during wartime, their patriotic duty dictates that they should hand over an enemy combatant to the authorities. Failure to do so could result in accusations of treason, endangering their lives and family.
- Medical Ethics vs. National Loyalty: As a doctor, Sadao's professional oath compels him to save a life, regardless of the patient's nationality or status. This clashes directly with his loyalty to his country and its war efforts.
- Personal Risk: Harboring a POW is a serious offense that could lead to severe punishment, including death. Sadao and Hana continuously live under the fear of discovery.
Key Elements of the POW's Presence in the Narrative
The American soldier's identity as a POW is not merely a plot device; it is the catalyst for the exploration of universal themes:
- The American Soldier's Identity: The soldier, Tom, is presented as a vulnerable, injured young man, stripped of his uniform and weapon. His humanity transcends his identity as an "enemy," challenging the characters' preconceived notions.
- Ethical Dilemma and Humanity: Dr. Sadao's internal struggle between his role as a healer and his identity as a Japanese national highlights the core conflict. His decision to operate on and shelter the soldier underscores the triumph of humanity over nationalistic hatred.
- Secrecy and Isolation: The act of caring for the POW must be kept secret, isolating Sadao and Hana from their servants and the wider community. This adds tension and demonstrates the immense personal sacrifice involved.
- Symbol of Conflict: The POW embodies the broader conflict between nations but also becomes a symbol of the individual's conscience grappling with difficult choices in extraordinary circumstances. His ultimate escape, facilitated by Sadao, represents a resolution that prioritizes human life above all else.
