The safe dosage of bupivacaine, particularly for infiltration and subcutaneous administration without a vasoconstrictor, is determined by specific maximum limits per kilogram of body weight, per single dose, and over a 24-hour period.
Understanding Bupivacaine Dosage Limits
When administered via infiltration or subcutaneously, and without the addition of a vasoconstrictor, bupivacaine has clearly defined safety thresholds to prevent toxicity. These limits are crucial for ensuring patient safety during procedures where local anesthesia is used.
Specific Dosage Recommendations
The following table summarizes the maximum recommended doses for bupivacaine under specific conditions:
| Anesthetic Type | Route of Administration | Maximum Single Dose (per kg) | Maximum Absolute Single Dose | Maximum Dose per 24 Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bupivacaine | Infiltration, Subcutaneous | 2-2.5 mg/kg | 175 mg | 400 mg |
Key considerations for safe bupivacaine use include:
- Per-kilogram dose: The dosage should not exceed 2 to 2.5 mg per kilogram of body weight. This calculation helps tailor the dose to the individual's size.
- Absolute single dose limit: Regardless of body weight, a single administration of bupivacaine should not exceed 175 mg. This is a critical ceiling for any single application.
- 24-hour total limit: The total amount of bupivacaine administered within a 24-hour period must not exceed 400 mg. This cumulative limit helps prevent systemic toxicity over time.
These guidelines are specifically for bupivacaine used for infiltration or subcutaneous injection when a vasoconstrictor is not included in the preparation. Adhering to these maximum recommended doses is essential to minimize the risk of adverse effects.
