The last Maratha king depends on the specific lineage being referred to, as the Maratha Empire evolved into distinct states over time. Shahaji was the last Chhatrapati of the Satara state, which was abolished in 1848 CE, while Shahaji II was the last Chhatrapati of the Kolhapur state, which acceded to India in 1947 CE.
Understanding the Maratha Kingship
The Maratha Empire, founded in 1674 CE, was a powerful force in Indian history. While the main Maratha Empire saw its effective end in 1818 CE, various Maratha states continued to exist under British suzerainty. Among these, the Satara and Kolhapur branches maintained the title of Chhatrapati (king), carrying on the legacy of the original Maratha rulers.
The Satara Chhatrapati Line
The Satara branch of the Maratha royal family continued to rule as Chhatrapatis. This line originated from the direct descendants of Chhatrapati Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Empire.
- Last Monarch: Shahaji (also known as Shahaji IV of Satara) held the title until the state's eventual absorption.
- Abolition: The Satara state was abolished and annexed by the British in 1848 CE, following the doctrine of lapse.
The Kolhapur Chhatrapati Line
The Kolhapur branch was another prominent Maratha lineage, also stemming from Shivaji's descendants. This state maintained its autonomy for a longer period.
- Last Monarch: Shahaji II (also known as Shahaji III of Kolhapur) was the final Chhatrapati of Kolhapur.
- Abolition/Merger: The Kolhapur state merged into the newly independent Union of India in 1947 CE, marking the end of its sovereign rule.
Summary of Last Maratha Monarchs
The table below provides a concise overview of the last recognized Maratha monarchs from these significant branches:
Branch of Maratha Rule | Last Monarch | Abolition/Merger Date |
---|---|---|
Satara Chhatrapati | Shahaji | 1848 CE |
Kolhapur Chhatrapati | Shahaji II | 1947 CE |
These individuals represent the concluding figures of royal Maratha authority in their respective states, long after the primary Maratha Empire had declined.