Vase sponges reproduce both asexually and sexually.
Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction in vase sponges, like in other sponges, primarily occurs through budding. Here's how it works:
- Budding: A new sponge grows as an outgrowth, or bud, from the parent sponge's body. This bud develops into a fully functional sponge, eventually detaching from the parent or remaining connected to form a colony. This process is analogous to a tree growing new branches.
Sexual Reproduction
Vase sponges also reproduce sexually, which involves the fusion of gametes (eggs and sperm).
- Gamete Formation: Sponges are hermaphroditic, meaning a single sponge can produce both eggs and sperm.
- Fertilization: Sperm are released into the water column and drawn into another sponge through its pores. Fertilization occurs internally.
- Larval Development: The fertilized egg develops into a larva, which is free-swimming.
- Settlement: The larva eventually settles onto a suitable substrate and develops into a new vase sponge.
In summary, vase sponges employ both asexual budding for rapid growth and sexual reproduction for genetic diversity and dispersal.
