Death masks are created through a casting process performed on a deceased individual. Here's how it's typically done:
The Death Mask Creation Process
The procedure for creating a death mask is remarkably similar to that for a life mask, the main difference being the subject. Death masks are casts taken from a cadaver, whereas life masks are casts taken from a living person. The primary materials used are wax or plaster, applied in a carefully layered fashion.
Step-by-Step Guide
- Preparation: The face and head of the deceased are first oiled or greased. This prevents the plaster or wax from sticking to the skin or hair and allows for easy removal of the finished cast.
- Initial Application: Thin layers of plaster (or wax) are applied directly to the oiled surface. This initial layer is crucial for capturing fine details.
- Layering: More layers of plaster or wax are then built up over the initial layer. This process continues until a sturdy mold has formed, giving the death mask strength and structure.
Material Comparison
| Material | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|
| Plaster | Readily available, relatively inexpensive | Can be heavy, prone to cracking if not handled carefully |
| Wax | Captures fine details, more pliable | More expensive and can be affected by temperature. |
Practical Insights
- The process needs to be done quickly after death to retain the features of the person accurately.
- Great care is taken to avoid damaging the person's hair during the layering process.
- Once the mold has dried and been removed from the face, it can be used to create multiple copies of the mask.
Additional Notes
While the basic techniques remain consistent, the specific methodologies may vary depending on available materials, the era, and the skill level of the mask maker. The essential principles of careful layering and meticulous preparation, however, remain constant in the creation of both death and life masks.
