Masonic tools are symbolic implements used in Freemasonry to impart moral and ethical lessons to members. While some tools have a practical origin from operative stonemasonry, their primary use within Freemasonry is speculative, serving as allegories for personal and moral development.
These tools are central to Masonic teachings, guiding members toward self-improvement, upright conduct, and a deeper understanding of universal moral principles. They are often presented in sets corresponding to the different degrees or stages of a Mason's journey.
Understanding Masonic Tools
Masonic tools can be broadly categorized into "working tools" for each degree, though their application is always moral rather than literal. They are not used for construction, but for building character.
The Significance of Working Tools
The "working tools" are the most prominent examples of Masonic tools. Each degree in Freemasonry (Entered Apprentice, Fellowcraft, and Master Mason) has its unique set of working tools, each with profound symbolic meaning.
1. Entered Apprentice Tools
These tools are introduced to new members, laying the foundation for their Masonic journey.
- 24-inch Gauge: Symbolizes the division of the day into 24 equal parts, representing the balanced allocation of time for prayer, labor, refreshment, and rest. It encourages the Mason to be diligent and organized in life.
- Common Gavel: Represents the removal of vices and impurities from one's character, much as a stonemason uses a gavel to chip away rough edges from stone. It teaches self-discipline and the refinement of moral behavior.
2. Fellowcraft Tools
As Masons advance, they are introduced to tools that emphasize balance, equality, and uprightness.
- Square: This tool teaches morality, honesty, and integrity in all dealings, reminding a Mason to "square their actions" by the principles of virtue and justice.
- Level: Symbolizes equality among all Masons, irrespective of social status, wealth, or background. It reminds members that all stand on the same level before the Grand Architect of the Universe.
- Plumb Rule: Represents uprightness of conduct, urging the Mason to walk a straight and righteous path in life, adhering to moral rectitude.
3. Master Mason Tools
The Master Mason's tools delve deeper into the pursuit of perfection and the examination of one's inner conscience. The Working Tools of a Master Mason are the skirret, pencil, and compasses. These tools are applied to our morals, guiding our actions and reflections.
- Skirret: This tool is used to mark out the ground for the foundation of a building. Symbolically, it points out that straight and undeviating line of conduct laid down for our pursuit in the sacred law, guiding Masons to follow a righteous and unwavering path in life.
- Pencil: Represents the power of conscience and memory. It reminds us that our thoughts and actions are recorded in the "Book of Conscience" and will be reviewed at the final judgment. It encourages careful consideration of every deed.
- Compasses: Used to draw circles, the compasses teach Masons to circumscribe their desires and keep their passions within due bounds. They symbolize the importance of acting with justice toward all and extending charity and love to their brethren, emphasizing self-restraint and moral boundaries.
Other Important Symbols
Beyond the specific working tools, other implements and symbols hold significant meaning within Freemasonry, reinforcing its moral lessons.
| Tool/Symbol | Symbolic Meaning |
|---|---|
| Trowel | Spreads the cement that binds the building together, symbolizing brotherly love and affection, uniting Masons in a common bond of friendship and relief. |
| Setting Maul | Historically used to set stones; symbolically, it reminds Masons of the unexpected nature of death and the importance of being prepared for the final summons. |
| Rough Ashlar | Represents the unpolished, imperfect state of a new Mason's character. |
| Perfect Ashlar | Symbolizes the purified and perfected character of a Mason who has diligently applied the lessons of the working tools and divested himself of the vices and superfluities. |
Practical Application
Masonic tools are not merely static symbols; they are meant to be actively applied in a Mason's daily life. For example:
- Self-Reflection: A Mason might regularly reflect on how they have used their "24-inch gauge" to manage their time effectively or how their "gavel" has helped them overcome personal flaws.
- Ethical Conduct: The "square" and "plumb rule" serve as constant reminders to act with integrity and uprightness in all business and personal interactions.
- Brotherly Love: The "trowel" encourages Masons to foster harmony and unity within their lodge and the wider community.
By internalizing the lessons of these tools, Freemasons strive to build a better version of themselves, contributing positively to society and upholding the principles of morality, charity, and brotherly love.
