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Why is Alk Phos Low?

Published in Medical Conditions 2 mins read

Low alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels are less common than elevated levels but can indicate underlying health issues. Several factors can contribute to reduced ALP, including malnutrition, specific nutrient deficiencies, hypothyroidism, and rare genetic disorders.

Potential Causes of Low Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)

Several factors can contribute to low ALP levels:

  • Malnutrition: Inadequate intake of essential nutrients can impair ALP production.
  • Nutrient Deficiencies: Specifically, deficiencies in zinc and magnesium can reduce ALP levels.
  • Hypothyroidism: An underactive thyroid can lower ALP activity.
  • Hypophosphatasia (HPP): This rare, inherited genetic disorder affects bone and teeth development and often results in very low ALP levels. HPP disrupts bone mineralization because of a defective gene that fails to produce sufficient ALP.
  • Wilson's Disease: This genetic disorder causes a buildup of copper in the liver, brain, and other organs, potentially affecting ALP levels.
  • Pernicious Anemia: A decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the intestines cannot properly absorb vitamin B12.
  • Celiac Disease: This autoimmune disorder is triggered by gluten and can interfere with nutrient absorption, potentially affecting ALP.
  • Medications: Certain drugs, such as clofibrate and oral contraceptives, have been linked to decreased ALP levels in some individuals.
  • Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: In some cases, hormone therapy after menopause can lower ALP levels.

Investigating Low ALP

If you have persistently low ALP levels, your doctor may order additional tests to determine the underlying cause. These tests might include:

  • Liver function tests: To assess liver health.
  • Thyroid function tests: To evaluate thyroid activity.
  • Vitamin and mineral level tests: To check for deficiencies.
  • Genetic testing: To screen for hypophosphatasia.

Importance of Diagnosis

Identifying the cause of low ALP is crucial for appropriate management and treatment. In some cases, addressing underlying deficiencies or managing medical conditions can help restore ALP levels to normal.