Vomiting blood, also known as hematemesis, is a serious symptom that requires immediate medical attention. It indicates bleeding somewhere in the upper digestive tract, which includes the esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine.
Why Might You Vomit Blood?
Here's a breakdown of why this can occur and what it might mean:
Common Causes of Vomiting Blood
- Stomach Ulcers: These are open sores in the lining of the stomach, and if they erode into a blood vessel, they can cause significant bleeding. According to the provided reference, if you have a burning or gnawing pain in your tummy along with vomiting blood, a stomach ulcer is a strong possibility.
- Severe Gastritis: Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining. Like ulcers, severe cases can damage blood vessels and result in bleeding. The reference states that severe inflammation of the stomach lining is another likely cause if you have a burning or gnawing pain with the vomiting of blood.
- Esophageal Varices: These are enlarged veins in the esophagus, often caused by liver disease. They can rupture and bleed profusely.
- Mallory-Weiss Tear: This is a tear in the lining of the esophagus, usually caused by forceful vomiting.
- Other Less Common Causes: These can include:
- Tumors in the digestive tract.
- Blood clotting disorders.
- Certain medications, like aspirin or NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), if they cause irritation or ulcers.
What To Do If You Vomit Blood
It's essential to understand the necessary course of action if you experience hematemesis. Here are some guidelines:
- Seek Immediate Medical Attention: Vomiting blood is a medical emergency. Call your doctor, go to the nearest urgent care clinic, or emergency room immediately. Don't delay.
- Note the Details: Pay attention to the color, quantity, and presence of any clots in the vomit. This can help doctors assess the severity and location of the bleeding.
- Bright red blood usually indicates active bleeding.
- Dark, coffee-ground-like vomit suggests the blood has been in the stomach for some time and partially digested.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Here's what to expect when seeking medical help:
| Procedure | Description |
|---|---|
| Physical Exam | A thorough physical exam to assess your overall condition. |
| Blood Tests | To check for blood loss and anemia, as well as kidney and liver function. |
| Endoscopy | A procedure where a camera is inserted into the digestive tract to locate the bleed. |
| Imaging Studies | CT scans or ultrasounds to visualize the digestive organs. |
| Treatment | Treatment depends on the cause. It may involve medications to stop bleeding, surgery, or other procedures. |
In summary, vomiting blood is a serious symptom that needs to be evaluated by a medical professional immediately, especially if you have a burning or gnawing pain in your tummy, as this combination may indicate a stomach ulcer or severe gastritis according to the provided reference.
