Signs, in a medical context, are objective indications of a disease or condition that can be observed or measured by a healthcare professional, rather than being reported by the patient (which are symptoms). Here are some examples:
- Fever: An elevated body temperature that can be measured with a thermometer.
- Swelling: Abnormal enlargement of a body part, visible and palpable.
- Skin Rash: A visible eruption on the skin, which can be characterized by redness, bumps, or blisters.
- High Blood Pressure: An elevated reading of blood pressure, measured using a sphygmomanometer.
- High Blood Glucose: An elevated level of glucose in the blood, measured via a blood test.
Other examples of medical signs include:
- Abnormal Heart Sounds: Sounds detected during auscultation of the heart that indicate a potential heart condition.
- Enlarged Liver (Hepatomegaly): A palpable enlargement of the liver, indicative of liver disease.
- Muscle Weakness: Reduced strength in specific muscle groups, assessable through physical examination.
- Reflex Changes: Alterations in reflexes (e.g., hyperreflexia, hyporeflexia) observed during neurological examination.
- Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and eyes, indicating elevated bilirubin levels.
- Edema: Swelling caused by fluid retention, typically in the lower extremities.
The presence and interpretation of these signs are crucial for diagnosing and managing various medical conditions. Signs, coupled with a patient's symptoms and medical history, help healthcare professionals formulate an accurate diagnosis.
