A mastoid swab is a sterile cotton swab used to collect samples from the mastoid process, a bony prominence behind the ear. These swabs are employed in various medical procedures and diagnostic tests.
Uses of Mastoid Swabs
Mastoid swabs serve several important functions in healthcare:
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Diagnostic Testing: Swabs are used to collect samples for microbiological cultures, helping identify bacteria or other pathogens causing infections like mastoiditis (inflammation of the mastoid process). Examples include obtaining cultures from mastoid granulations (as seen in studies on chronic otitis media [1, 2, 3]) or from the mastoid cavity after mastoidectomy [2, 4]. These cultures guide treatment decisions. Swabs may also be used to detect viral presence, as demonstrated in research on the detection of viral load in the mastoid during cochlear implantation [3].
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Surgical Procedures: In surgical settings, mastoid swabs play a role in hemostasis (stopping bleeding) [5, 6] and protecting delicate structures. One example is the use of a mastoid swab to protect the ureter during laparoscopic colectomy [5, 6], preventing accidental injury. Once the surgical procedure is complete, the swab is removed.
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Case Studies and Warnings: While generally safe, there are reports highlighting potential complications. A case study revealed a serious infection (subdural empyema and abscess) associated with a retained cotton swab, emphasizing the importance of proper swab removal after procedures [7, 8].
Types of Mastoid Swabs
While the exact type isn't specified in most literature, standard sterile cotton swabs are likely used. The key is sterility to prevent introducing further infection during sampling.
Conclusion
Mastoid swabs are essential tools used in both diagnostic and surgical procedures related to the mastoid process and surrounding areas. Proper handling and removal are crucial to prevent complications.
