ESWT treatment, or Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy, is the application of high-energy acoustic (sound) waves transcutaneously (through the skin) to a specific area of the body to promote healing, reduce pain, and break down tissue. This non-invasive treatment utilizes a machine to generate these shock waves, which are then targeted to the affected area.
How ESWT Works
ESWT works through several mechanisms:
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Stimulating Healing: The shock waves trigger a biological response in the targeted tissue. This response includes increased blood flow, angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels), and the release of growth factors, all of which contribute to tissue repair and regeneration.
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Pain Reduction: ESWT can desensitize nerve endings, leading to a reduction in pain signals transmitted to the brain.
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Tissue Breakdown: In some cases, ESWT can be used to break down calcified deposits or scar tissue that may be contributing to pain or limiting function. This is particularly relevant in conditions like plantar fasciitis with heel spurs.
Types of ESWT
There are two primary types of ESWT:
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Focused ESWT: Delivers acoustic waves in a narrow, concentrated beam to a specific area. This allows for deeper penetration and precise targeting of the affected tissue.
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Radial ESWT: Uses a wider, less focused application of acoustic waves. It's generally used for treating larger areas and more superficial conditions.
Conditions Treated with ESWT
ESWT is used to treat a variety of musculoskeletal conditions, including:
- Plantar Fasciitis: Inflammation of the plantar fascia, the thick band of tissue on the bottom of the foot.
- Achilles Tendinopathy: Pain and inflammation of the Achilles tendon.
- Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis): Pain on the outside of the elbow.
- Golfer's Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis): Pain on the inside of the elbow.
- Calcific Tendonitis of the Shoulder: Calcium deposits in the tendons of the shoulder.
- Hip Pain: Including trochanteric bursitis.
- Non-union fractures: Fractures that are slow to heal.
What to Expect During ESWT Treatment
ESWT is typically performed in a clinic or doctor's office. The procedure usually involves:
- Examination: The therapist will assess the area to be treated.
- Gel Application: A gel is applied to the skin to facilitate the transmission of the shock waves.
- Treatment: The ESWT device is placed against the skin, and the shock waves are delivered.
- Number of sessions: A typical course of treatment involves multiple sessions, usually spaced several days apart.
While ESWT is generally considered safe, some people may experience mild discomfort during the procedure. Side effects are usually minimal and may include temporary redness, swelling, or bruising in the treated area.
In summary, ESWT is a non-invasive treatment option that uses acoustic waves to stimulate healing, reduce pain, and break down tissue in various musculoskeletal conditions.
