Horizontal centrifugal casting is a metal casting process where molten metal is introduced into a mold that is rapidly spinning around a horizontal axis.
In general, the centrifugal casting process involves pouring molten metal into a mold that is rotating at high speed. The centrifugal force created by this rotation pushes the molten metal outwards against the mold walls, forming the desired shape as it solidifies.
How the Axis of Rotation Matters
As described in the foundational principles of this technique, the specific classification of the process depends directly on how the mold is oriented during rotation.
Depending upon the axis of rotation of the mould either horizontal or vertical, the process has been termed as horizontal centrifugal or vertical centrifugal casting process.
Therefore, horizontal centrifugal casting is specifically defined by its mold rotating along an axis that is parallel to the ground.
Key Characteristics
This method is particularly suited for creating certain types of symmetrical components.
- Horizontal Axis: The defining feature is the mold spinning horizontally.
- Rapid Rotation: The mold rotates at speeds that generate significant centrifugal force.
- Molten Metal Pouring: Molten material is fed into the rotating mold, typically through a spout.
- Centrifugal Force: This force distributes the metal evenly against the mold inner surface.
- Solidification: The metal cools and solidifies under pressure from the centrifugal force.
Typical Products
Horizontal centrifugal casting is widely used to produce components with a cylindrical or tubular shape.
- Pipes and Tubes: Ideal for long, hollow cylinders like cast iron pipes.
- Bushings: Often used for producing sleeve bearings and similar cylindrical components.
- Cylinders: Various cylindrical parts where a uniform wall thickness is critical.
- Rollers: For industries like paper or textile manufacturing.
Horizontal vs. Vertical Centrifugal Casting
The primary difference, as highlighted, is the orientation of the mold's rotation. This orientation impacts the types of parts that can be effectively cast.
| Feature | Horizontal Centrifugal Casting | Vertical Centrifugal Casting |
|---|---|---|
| Axis of Rotation | Horizontal | Vertical |
| Part Geometry | Best for long, thin-walled tubes | Better for shorter, heavier parts |
| Inner Diameter | Controlled by amount of metal | Formed by a core or spinning speed |
| Typical Products | Pipes, long tubes, bushings | Rings, short cylinders, flywheels |
In summary, horizontal centrifugal casting is a specialized method within the broader centrifugal casting family, distinguished by its mold's horizontal rotation, making it highly effective for manufacturing cylindrical components like pipes and tubes.
