Alabaster is definitively a stone, specifically a mineral often utilized for sculpture and various ornamental objects. While it possesses an aesthetic appeal, its physical properties distinguish it from what is typically classified as a gemstone.
Understanding Alabaster's Classification
Alabaster is not a single mineral but rather refers to two distinct mineral varieties:
- Gypsum Alabaster: This is the most common type, a fine-grained, massive form of gypsum (hydrous calcium sulfate). It is notably soft, rating only 2 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, making it easily carved.
- Calcite Alabaster: Also known as onyx-marble or Egyptian alabaster, this variety is a compact, banded form of calcite (calcium carbonate). While slightly harder than gypsum alabaster (3 on the Mohs scale), it is still relatively soft compared to traditional gemstones.
Characteristics and Uses of Alabaster
Its unique properties make alabaster highly suitable for artistic and decorative purposes:
- Porous Nature: Alabaster is a porous stone, a characteristic that has been skillfully exploited for centuries. This porosity allows it to absorb liquids, making it ideal for coloring.
- Dyeing Capabilities: Historically, and even today, alabaster can be dyed into virtually any color or shade. This technique involves fully immersing the stone in various pigment solutions and heating it to specific temperatures to ensure the pigments penetrate deeply and evenly, transforming its natural appearance.
- Softness and Carvability: Its relative softness allows sculptors and artisans to carve intricate details with ease, leading to its widespread use in statuary, decorative vases, and lamps.
- Translucency: Both gypsum and calcite alabasters exhibit a beautiful translucency, allowing light to pass through, which enhances their appeal in decorative pieces.
Alabaster vs. Gemstones
The key differences between alabaster and most gemstones lie in their hardness, durability, and typical use:
| Feature | Alabaster (Stone) | Gemstone (General) |
|---|---|---|
| Composition | Gypsum or Calcite (Mineral) | Various minerals (e.g., Diamond, Sapphire, Emerald) or organic materials (e.g., Pearl, Amber) |
| Hardness | Relatively soft (2-3 on Mohs scale) | Typically hard (7+ on Mohs for durability in jewelry) |
| Porousness | High porosity, readily absorbs dyes | Generally low porosity, rarely dyed (or only surface treated) |
| Primary Use | Sculpture, ornamental objects, decorative arts | Jewelry, adornment, investment |
| Durability | Fragile, susceptible to scratching and moisture | High durability, resistant to wear and tear |
While alabaster is a beautiful material used in art, its softness and porosity mean it lacks the durability and rarity typically required for it to be classified as a gemstone suitable for everyday wear in jewelry.
For more information on alabaster, you can visit the Alabaster Wikipedia page.
