A movable joint, also known as a synovial joint, is a joint that allows for a wide range of motion. Several types exist, each with its own specific movement capabilities.
Types of Movable Joints
The six main types of freely movable joints are:
- Ball and socket: This joint allows for movement in multiple directions, like the shoulder and hip. The ball-shaped end of one bone fits into a cup-shaped socket on another bone.
- Saddle: This type permits movement in two planes, like the thumb.
- Hinge: This joint allows for movement in one direction, like the elbow and knee.
- Condyloid: This joint allows for movement in two planes, but with limited rotation, like the wrist.
- Pivot: This joint allows for rotation around a central axis, like the joint between the first and second vertebrae in the neck.
- Gliding: These joints allow for sliding or gliding movements between bones, often found in the hands and feet.
Many examples of movable joints exist throughout the human body. The shoulder, for instance, is considered the most movable joint in the human body, providing a wide range of motion crucial for activities like throwing and lifting. Other examples include the hip, elbow, knee, and wrist. The type of joint determines the specific range of motion possible.
The provided references highlight the diverse range of movement capabilities offered by different movable joints, emphasizing the importance of understanding joint types for comprehending musculoskeletal function and potential injury risks. Greater range of motion often correlates with a higher risk of injury due to reduced joint strength, as noted in one of the sources.
