Yes, encephalitis lethargica is still seen in occasional cases today, although it is often thought of as a disease of the past due to its major epidemic in the early 20th century.
While the dramatic outbreaks of encephalitis lethargica largely subsided after the 1920s, the disease has not entirely disappeared. Medical professionals continue to encounter isolated instances, indicating its persistent, albeit rare, presence. This underscores the ongoing need for awareness and research into neurological conditions that can emerge or re-emerge in different forms.
Understanding Encephalitis Lethargica
Encephalitis lethargica is a complex and often severe form of encephalitis, characterized by a range of neurological symptoms. Its historical impact was profound, affecting millions worldwide and leaving many with devastating long-term complications.
Key aspects of encephalitis lethargica include:
- Historical Impact: The disease caused a global epidemic from 1917 to 1928, affecting an estimated one million people.
- Postencephalitic Parkinsonism (PEP): One of the most significant and well-known sequelae of encephalitis lethargica is postencephalitic parkinsonism. This condition mimics Parkinson's disease, leading to symptoms like tremors, rigidity, and difficulty with movement, often appearing years after the initial acute phase of encephalitis.
- Current Status: Though no longer epidemic, sporadic cases of encephalitis lethargica continue to be reported. These cases highlight the importance of careful diagnosis for individuals presenting with its characteristic symptoms.
- Symptoms: The acute phase can involve a wide array of symptoms, including fever, headache, double vision, abnormal eye movements, weakness, and sleep disturbances (either extreme sleepiness or insomnia). Psychiatric symptoms and catatonia have also been noted.
For more detailed information, you can refer to resources such as the Wikipedia page on Encephalitis lethargica.
