The biceps reflex is a test used to assess the function of specific nerve pathways in your spinal cord. Specifically, it is a deep tendon reflex (DTR) test, also known as a muscle-stretch reflex test. The test evaluates the C5 reflex arc and the C6 reflex arc.
How the Biceps Reflex Test Works
The biceps reflex is elicited by tapping the biceps brachii tendon with a reflex hammer.
Steps in Performing the Test:
- The patient's arm is typically supported and slightly flexed at the elbow.
- The examiner palpates (feels) the biceps tendon in the cubital fossa (the area on the inner side of the elbow).
- The examiner places their thumb or index finger firmly over the tendon.
- Using a reflex hammer, the examiner strikes their finger or thumb.
Expected Response:
- A normal biceps reflex results in a visible or palpable contraction of the biceps muscle and a slight flexion (bending) of the elbow.
Why the Biceps Reflex is Important
The biceps reflex test helps healthcare professionals evaluate the integrity of the nerves and spinal cord segments that control the biceps muscle. Abnormal results can indicate neurological problems, such as:
- Spinal cord injury or compression
- Nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy)
- Disc herniation in the cervical spine
- Upper motor neuron lesions
- Lower motor neuron lesions
