Whether milk causes high blood pressure (BP) is complex and not definitively settled. Some studies suggest milk may be associated with decreased hypertension risk, while others show no association. Therefore, the answer isn't a simple yes or no.
Here's a breakdown of the available evidence:
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Potential for Decreased Risk: Studies in 2018 and Jung et al. (2022) indicated that milk consumption might be linked to a lower risk of hypertension in some ethnic populations. The mechanisms behind this potential benefit are not fully understood, but it could be related to nutrients like calcium, potassium, and certain peptides found in milk.
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No Association: Villaverde et al. (2020) found no association between dairy products, including milk, and hypertension in a French study. This suggests that the effect of milk on blood pressure might vary depending on the population studied, dietary habits, or other factors.
Factors to Consider:
- Type of Milk: The type of milk consumed (e.g., whole milk, skim milk, fortified milk) might influence its impact on blood pressure. For example, some studies suggest that low-fat dairy products are more beneficial than high-fat ones.
- Individual Differences: Genetic factors, overall diet, lifestyle, and pre-existing health conditions can all play a role in how milk affects an individual's blood pressure.
- Dietary Context: Milk is rarely consumed in isolation. The overall dietary pattern is more important than any single food in influencing blood pressure. A diet high in sodium and saturated fat, and low in fruits, vegetables, and potassium, is more likely to increase blood pressure, regardless of milk consumption.
Conclusion:
The current research provides mixed evidence regarding the effect of milk on blood pressure. While some studies suggest a potential benefit, others show no association. More research is needed to fully understand the relationship between milk consumption and hypertension, considering factors such as milk type, individual differences, and overall dietary context. If you have concerns about your blood pressure, consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian for personalized advice.
