The first families of Texas, specifically those who settled under Stephen F. Austin's initial colonial contract, were known as the Old 300.
Who Were the Old 300?
The "Old 300" refers to the original settlers, approximately 300 families and individuals, who received land grants as part of Stephen F. Austin's first colonial contract in Mexican Texas. These pioneers were instrumental in establishing the first significant Anglo-American settlements in the region during the early 1820s, laying the groundwork for what would become modern Texas.Characteristics of Austin's First Colonists
These early settlers were distinct in several ways, chosen by Austin to ensure the success and stability of his ambitious colonization project:- Origin: The vast majority of these families migrated from the Trans-Appalachian South of the United States.
- Ancestry: They were virtually all of British ancestry, reflecting the dominant demographic trends of American migration at the time.
- Economic Standing: Many of these families already possessed substantial financial means before their arrival in Texas. This wealth allowed them to invest in the new colony, establish farms, and contribute to the economic development of the frontier.
Significance of the Old 300
The success of the Old 300 was critical to the broader Anglo-American colonization of Texas. Their ability to thrive in a new land under Mexican law, cultivate the land, and build communities demonstrated the viability of Austin's empresario system. They adapted to frontier life, faced various challenges, and ultimately forged a unique identity that contributed to the rich cultural tapestry of Texas. Their legacy is deeply embedded in the state's historical narrative as the true pioneers of Anglo-Texas.Key Facts About the Old 300 Settlers
Here’s a summary of the defining aspects of these foundational families:| Attribute | Description |
|---|---|
| Name | The Old 300 |
| Leader | Stephen F. Austin (known as the "Father of Texas") |
| Context | First colonial contract in Mexican Texas (early 1820s) |
| Origin Region | Primarily Trans-Appalachian South (United States) |
| Dominant Ancestry | Virtually all British |
| Financial Status | Many arrived with substantial means |
| Historical Role | Established first significant Anglo-American settlements in Texas |
For more information on the early history and development of Texas, you can explore resources from the Texas Historical Commission.
