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What is FML in ophthalmology?

Published in Ophthalmic Drug 2 mins read

In ophthalmology, FML is the widely recognized abbreviation for Fluorometholone, a potent corticosteroid medication primarily used to manage and reduce eye inflammation.

Understanding FML (Fluorometholone) in Eye Care

Fluorometholone (FML) is a synthetic glucocorticoid that belongs to the class of corticosteroids, often referred to as steroid medicines. It is specifically formulated for ophthalmic use to treat various inflammatory conditions of the eye.

As per the reference, Fluorometholone is used to treat eye conditions caused by inflammation (swelling). This medicine is a corticosteroid (steroid medicine) that helps reduce the swelling in the eye. (Reference Date: 31-Jan-2024)

How FML Works

FML works by suppressing the body's natural inflammatory response. As a corticosteroid, it penetrates cells and binds to specific receptors, which in turn regulates gene expression. This process leads to the inhibition of chemical mediators that cause inflammation, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes, thereby reducing swelling, redness, itching, and pain in the eye.

Common Applications of FML

Ophthalmologists prescribe FML to address a range of inflammatory eye conditions. Its primary goal is to alleviate symptoms and prevent potential damage to eye tissues caused by chronic or severe inflammation.

Key uses include:

  • Allergic Conjunctivitis: Reducing severe itching and swelling associated with eye allergies.
  • Uveitis: Treating inflammation of the uvea (the middle layer of the eye).
  • Post-Operative Inflammation: Managing swelling and inflammation following eye surgeries, such as cataract extraction.
  • Keratitis: Alleviating inflammation of the cornea.
  • Scleritis/Episcleritis: Treating inflammation of the sclera (white part of the eye) or episclera.

Key Characteristics of FML

Aspect Description
Full Name Fluorometholone
Drug Class Corticosteroid (Steroid)
Primary Use Reducing ocular inflammation and swelling
Mechanism Suppresses inflammatory response by inhibiting chemical mediators
Formulation Typically available as eye drops or ophthalmic ointment

Why FML is Prescribed

FML is often chosen for ophthalmic use because it has a good safety profile in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation compared to some other more potent corticosteroids, though it can still cause this side effect, especially with prolonged use. This makes it a suitable option for managing chronic or recurring inflammatory conditions when a steroid is necessary. Its effectiveness in rapidly reducing discomfort and preventing vision-threatening complications from inflammation makes it a valuable tool in an ophthalmologist's arsenal.