Sutton's disease II, more commonly known as recurrent aphthous stomatitis, is characterized by the recurring eruption of painful, inflamed ulcers in the mouth. These ulcers, also called canker sores, can vary in size and number.
Key Characteristics of Sutton's Disease II (Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis):
- Recurring Ulcers: The primary characteristic is the repeated appearance of ulcers within the oral cavity.
- Painful Inflammation: The ulcers are typically painful and surrounded by inflammation.
- Location: Ulcers usually appear on the inner cheeks, lips, tongue, or soft palate.
- Variable Size and Number: The size and number of ulcers can differ from person to person and episode to episode.
- Common Name: Frequently referred to as canker sores.
While the exact cause of recurrent aphthous stomatitis is unknown, several factors are believed to contribute, including:
- Stress: Emotional or physical stress can trigger outbreaks.
- Trauma: Minor injuries to the mouth, such as from dental work or aggressive brushing, may lead to ulcer formation.
- Food Sensitivities: Certain foods, like citrus fruits, chocolate, or coffee, can trigger outbreaks in some individuals.
- Vitamin Deficiencies: Deficiencies in vitamins like B12, folate, or iron may play a role.
- Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations, such as those associated with menstruation, can be a factor.
- Weakened Immune System: A compromised immune system can sometimes lead to or exacerbate outbreaks.
Treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms and promoting healing. Common treatments include:
- Topical Corticosteroids: Creams or gels containing corticosteroids can help reduce inflammation and pain.
- Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help manage pain.
- Mouth Rinses: Special mouth rinses can soothe the ulcers and promote healing.
- Dietary Adjustments: Avoiding trigger foods can help prevent outbreaks.
It's important to note that severe or persistent cases of "canker sores" should be evaluated by a medical professional to rule out other underlying conditions.
