The chemical formula for 4-nitrophenol, a widely recognized isomer of nitrophenol, is C6H5NO3.
Understanding Nitrophenol
Nitrophenol is a group of organic compounds derived from phenol, where one or more hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring are replaced by a nitro group (-NO2). Depending on the position of the nitro group relative to the hydroxyl (-OH) group on the benzene ring, nitrophenol can exist in different isomeric forms:
- 2-Nitrophenol (or ortho-nitrophenol)
- 3-Nitrophenol (or meta-nitrophenol)
- 4-Nitrophenol (or para-nitrophenol)
While the general term "nitrophenol" refers to any of these isomers, the formula C6H5NO3 specifically applies to each of them as they are structural isomers of each other, possessing the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms.
Key Details for 4-Nitrophenol (Para-Nitrophenol)
4-Nitrophenol, also known as para-nitrophenol (PNP), is a pale yellow to colorless crystalline solid. It is particularly notable for its applications in various industries.
Here's a summary of its key chemical identifiers and uses:
| Chemical Property | Detail |
|---|---|
| Chemical Name | 4-Nitrophenol |
| Chemical Formula | C6H5NO3 |
| CAS Number | 100-02-7 |
Applications of Nitrophenol Isomers
Nitrophenol isomers, particularly 4-nitrophenol, are valuable intermediates in chemical synthesis. They find use in several practical applications, including:
- Dyes: As precursors in the manufacture of various synthetic dyes, providing vibrant colors for textiles and other materials.
- Plasticizers: Incorporated into plastics to enhance their flexibility, durability, and workability.
- Pharmaceuticals: Used as intermediates in the production of certain pharmaceutical compounds.
- Pesticides: Employed in the synthesis of some agricultural chemicals.
