The Yocum test is an active orthopedic maneuver used to assess for subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS).
Understanding the Yocum Test
The Yocum test, named after its creator, is a physical examination technique to identify potential issues in the subacromial space of the shoulder. It's designed to provoke pain associated with structures in this area.
Key Aspects of the Yocum Test
- Active Maneuver: The patient performs the movement themselves, rather than the examiner passively moving their arm.
- Provocation Test: The test aims to replicate and elicit pain that may be associated with subacromial impingement.
- Subacromial Space Focus: It's specifically designed to test structures located within the subacromial space, such as the rotator cuff tendons, subacromial bursa, and coracoacromial ligament.
- Year of Description: This test was described originally by Yocum in the year 1983.
How the Yocum Test is Performed
Here’s a step-by-step guide to performing the Yocum test:
- Starting Position: The patient should be seated or standing.
- Test Movement:
- The patient places the hand of the affected arm on the opposite shoulder.
- The patient then raises the elbow forward without any external assistance.
- Interpretation: The test is considered positive if the patient experiences pain in the shoulder, particularly within the subacromial region during the movement.
Clinical Significance
A positive Yocum test suggests a potential issue within the subacromial space that may warrant further examination and assessment to determine an appropriate diagnosis and treatment plan.
- Helps identify potential subacromial impingement.
- Guides clinicians toward specific shoulder pathologies.
- Informs treatment plans by highlighting areas of concern within the shoulder joint.
Benefits of the Yocum Test
- Non-invasive.
- Simple to perform.
- Quick to administer.
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Type | Active orthopedic maneuver |
| Purpose | To provoke pain within the subacromial space |
| Procedure | Patient places hand on opposite shoulder and raises elbow forward |
| Positive Result | Pain within the shoulder, specifically the subacromial area |
| Focus | Structures in the subacromial space (rotator cuff tendons, bursa, coracoacromial ligament) |
The Yocum test is a helpful tool that helps assess subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS).
