Good ozone, found in the Earth's stratosphere (10–30 miles above the surface), plays a vital role in protecting life on Earth. Its primary benefit is shielding us from the harmful effects of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) rays.
The Protective Shield of Stratospheric Ozone
The ozone layer acts as a crucial filter, absorbing most of the sun's damaging UV-B radiation. Without this natural shield, increased UV-B exposure would lead to:
- Increased risk of skin cancer: UV-B radiation is a major cause of skin cancer.
- Damage to the eyes: Cataracts and other eye problems can result from excessive UV-B exposure.
- Weakening of the immune system: UV-B radiation can suppress the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections.
- Harm to plants and ecosystems: UV-B radiation can damage plant life, affecting agriculture and overall ecosystem health.
The depletion of the ozone layer, primarily caused by man-made chemicals, has highlighted the importance of this protective layer and prompted international efforts to reduce ozone-depleting substances. The Montreal Protocol, for example, is an international treaty designed to phase out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances.
The provided text mentions that ozone can be both beneficial and harmful, depending on its location. This refers to the distinction between stratospheric ozone (good ozone) and ground-level ozone (bad ozone). Ground-level ozone is a pollutant formed by chemical reactions involving sunlight, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds. It is harmful to human health and the environment.
While some references mention the use of ozone in industrial processes or alternative medicine (ozone therapy), these are separate applications and should not be confused with the crucial protective function of stratospheric ozone.
