While pistachios are botanically classified as fruits, specifically a type of drupe, the fleshy part of the fruit is typically discarded, and what we consume is the highly prized tasty seed within.
Understanding Pistachio Anatomy and Consumption
Unlike many other fruits where the succulent flesh is the primary edible component, the pistachio presents a unique case. The outer layer of the pistachio, which is botanically the fruit flesh (pericarp), is not intended for consumption.
As the reference states, "With pistachios we discard the fruit flesh for the tasty seed within." This means that when you enjoy a pistachio, you are actually eating the kernel or seed, which is encased within a hard, protective shell (the endocarp) that was originally surrounded by the outer, fleshy hull.
Pistachios vs. Other Drupes: A Comparative Look
Pistachios belong to the same botanical category (drupes) as other well-known stone fruits, yet their consumption method is the reverse. This distinction highlights the diverse ways nature packages its edible treasures.
Here's a comparison based on how different drupes are typically consumed:
| Drupe Type | Part Consumed | Part Discarded | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pistachio | The seed (nut) | The fruit flesh (hull) | Pistacia vera |
| Other Drupes | The fruit flesh (pulp) | The pit (seed/kernel) | Peach, Cherry, Apricot |
As the reference points out, "The opposite is true with other drupes such as stone fruits like peaches, cherries and apricots. With those, we eat the fruit flesh and leave the pits, for the most part, behind." This underscores the unique nature of pistachio consumption.
Why is the Fruit Flesh Discarded?
The outer fruit flesh of the pistachio, often reddish-green or purplish, is not palatable. It can be quite bitter, tough, or simply lack the desirable flavor and texture for consumption. Its primary role is to protect the developing seed inside. This hull is typically removed during processing, either before the pistachios are sold (resulting in shelled pistachios) or remains on until they are dried and ready for cracking.
So, while botanically a fruit, you do not eat the "fruit flesh" of a pistachio. You eat the kernel, which is the seed found inside the hard shell.
