PAPP-A, or Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A, is a protein produced by the placenta during pregnancy.
Understanding PAPP-A
The placenta is the organ that provides oxygen and nutrients to the developing baby. PAPP-A is one of the hormones measured during the first trimester in the combined screening test. This test helps assess the risk of certain chromosomal abnormalities.
Key points about PAPP-A:
- Production: PAPP-A is produced by the placenta.
- Role: It plays a crucial role in fetal growth and development.
- Measurement: PAPP-A levels are measured as part of the combined screening test in the first trimester.
- Clinical Significance: Abnormal PAPP-A levels may indicate potential complications in pregnancy.
The Combined Screening Test
The combined screening test is typically performed between 10 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. It involves:
- A blood test, to measure the levels of PAPP-A and another hormone called free beta-hCG.
- An ultrasound scan, to measure the nuchal translucency (NT) at the back of the baby's neck.
Low PAPP-A levels
According to the Royal Free NHS, low levels of PAPP-A can be an indicator of potential pregnancy issues.
Importance of PAPP-A
PAPP-A is a marker used in pregnancy screening. Its level, when evaluated along with other factors like maternal age and nuchal translucency (NT), aids in estimating the risk of certain conditions, primarily chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome.
Summary
In summary, PAPP-A is a vital protein produced by the placenta, essential for a healthy pregnancy and used in screening tests to assess potential risks.
