Robotic prosthetic hands work by using sensors, a control system, and a connection to the user's nervous system to mimic the functions of a natural hand.
Here's a breakdown of the process:
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Sensing Input: The prosthetic hand is equipped with sensors, often force sensors in the thumb and other areas, that detect pressure and grip strength.
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Signal Conversion: The control system within the prosthesis converts the signals from these sensors into electrical signals.
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Nerve Stimulation: These electrical signals are then sent to stimulate nerves in the user's arm stump. This can be achieved through different methods, including targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) or direct nerve stimulation.
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Brain Interpretation: The stimulated nerves carry these signals to the brain, which interprets them as touch, pressure, and other sensations, providing the user with feedback.
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Movement Control: In addition to sensory feedback, the prosthetic hand also needs to be controlled by the user. This is typically done using electromyography (EMG) sensors, which detect electrical activity in the muscles of the arm. These signals are then processed by the control system to move the hand and fingers.
In essence, a robotic prosthetic hand operates by:
- Sensing external stimuli (pressure, grip).
- Converting this information into electrical signals.
- Relaying those signals to the user's nervous system.
- Allowing the user's brain to interpret the signals as touch and pressure.
- Translating muscle signals into hand and finger movements.
This technology enables amputees to regain a significant degree of hand function, allowing them to perform daily tasks and interact with the world more naturally.
