In China, stroke and ischaemic heart disease are identified as leading causes of death. These conditions were the primary contributors to mortality at the national level in 2017.
Understanding Leading Causes of Death in China
China has experienced significant epidemiological transitions, with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) increasingly becoming the major health burden. The shift from infectious diseases to chronic conditions highlights changes in lifestyle, demographics, and healthcare challenges.
Stroke
Stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. Brain cells begin to die in minutes. It is a medical emergency, and prompt treatment is crucial. In China, factors like hypertension, unhealthy diets, and an aging population contribute significantly to its prevalence.
- Types of Stroke:
- Ischaemic stroke: Caused by a blockage in an artery that supplies blood to the brain.
- Hemorrhagic stroke: Caused by a ruptured blood vessel that bleeds into the brain.
- Risk Factors: High blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and lack of physical activity are common risk factors for stroke.
For more information, you can refer to resources on stroke from the World Health Organization.
Ischaemic Heart Disease
Ischaemic heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, is characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. This reduced flow is often due to a buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply blood to the heart (atherosclerosis). It can lead to chest pain (angina), heart attack, and other serious complications.
- Symptoms: Chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and pain in the arms, neck, jaw, or back are common symptoms.
- Prevention: A healthy diet, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking are key preventive measures.
Further details on ischaemic heart disease can be found on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website.
Impact and Trends
The prominence of stroke and ischaemic heart disease as leading causes of death underscores the critical need for public health initiatives focused on prevention, early detection, and effective management of cardiovascular diseases in China. Addressing modifiable risk factors through public awareness campaigns, improved access to healthcare, and lifestyle interventions are crucial steps.
| Leading Cause of Death | Description | Primary Risk Factors |
|---|---|---|
| Stroke | Interruption of blood supply to the brain, causing brain cell death. | Hypertension, unhealthy diet, smoking, diabetes. |
| Ischaemic Heart Disease | Reduced blood flow to the heart muscle due to narrowed arteries. | High cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity, physical inactivity. |
These findings highlight the evolving health landscape in China and the significant burden posed by chronic non-communicable diseases on its population.
