PMR stands for Polymyalgia Rheumatica.
Understanding Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR)
Polymyalgia rheumatica is an inflammatory disorder that is characterized by muscle pain and stiffness. This condition primarily affects the shoulders and hips, though pain and stiffness can also occur in the neck, upper arms, and thighs. The discomfort associated with PMR is often more pronounced in the mornings or after periods of inactivity.
Key Characteristics and Symptoms
PMR typically develops rapidly, with symptoms often appearing over a few days or weeks. The pain and stiffness can be significant, sometimes making daily activities challenging.
Here are the common symptoms associated with Polymyalgia Rheumatica:
| Symptom Category | Description |
|---|---|
| Muscle Pain | Predominantly affects both sides of the body in the shoulders, neck, upper arms, hips, and thighs. The pain is often described as aching or burning. |
| Stiffness | Severe stiffness, especially after waking up in the morning or after resting. This morning stiffness typically lasts for at least 30 minutes, and often much longer. |
| Reduced Range of Motion | Due to pain and stiffness, individuals may experience difficulty with movements like raising arms above the shoulders, getting out of a chair, or turning in bed. |
| General Symptoms | Beyond muscle-specific issues, PMR can also cause systemic symptoms such as fatigue, mild fever, loss of appetite, unintentional weight loss, and a general feeling of being unwell (malaise). |
Who Does PMR Affect?
PMR almost exclusively affects older adults, typically those over the age of 50, and it is more common in individuals over 70. Women are also more likely to develop PMR than men. The exact cause of polymyalgia rheumatica is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosing PMR involves a review of symptoms, a physical examination, and blood tests to check for inflammation markers like erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), which are often elevated in people with the condition. It's important for healthcare professionals to differentiate PMR from other conditions with similar symptoms.
Treatment for polymyalgia rheumatica typically involves low doses of corticosteroids, such as prednisone. These medications are highly effective in reducing pain and stiffness, often leading to significant improvement in symptoms within a few days. Treatment usually continues for an extended period, often 1-2 years or more, with the dosage gradually tapered to prevent recurrence and minimize side effects. Regular monitoring by a healthcare provider is essential during treatment.
For more detailed information, you can refer to reputable sources such as the Mayo Clinic's Polymyalgia Rheumatica page.
